明胶大分子的还原性与抽提的关系

用不同抽提次序的一系列明胶样品，用电位法测定了它们的还原性，用氨基酸分析仪测定了蛋氨酸，蛋酸亚砜和砜的含量，用ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ电泳法测定了它们的不同构象组份的相对含量。发现：明胶的还原性随帛提次序的增加出现一极大值，而这个极大值与α１，α２和α１／α２的比值互呈正行性的对应关系。仔细考察和对比α１和α２的一极构型表明：α１，α２含有较多的Ｍｅｔ。这个极大值的出现，是与第２道抽提出来的明胶中含有较多     

GGC型高感乳剂沉降剂的研制

氨法乳剂在微粒高感中起着重要的作用,PA改性胶只能适用于中性法高感乳剂沉降.寻求适用于氨法乳剂制备时所用的改性明胶(GGC型)具有重要的意义.本文研究了多种改性明胶的合成。取代度的测定,沉降条件和复溶性能,沉降过程中明胶及卤化银的回收率以及改性明胶卤化银乳剂的感光性能等.研究结果表明,GGC型改性明胶具有以下的优点:取代度高.沉降诱发期短,沉降的pH范围窄,卤化银的回收率高。在用作氨法乳剂沉降剂时,GGC改性胶远比PA胶优异,表现在:耗酸量少和感光度高.     

胶原/明胶的结构(构象)与性能研究——Ⅰ.超过滤技术用于明胶组份分离的探索研究

收集了十种不同型号的超过滤膜,将这些膜应用于明胶的不同组份分离的探索研究。试验表明,F-84-8超过滤膜对于实现α组份与β组份的分离是有效的。讨论了超过滤技术应用于明胶生产过程的可能性及有待解决的问题。     

明胶大分子的照相性质研究——Ⅲ.穆斯堡尔谱法研究铁离子与明胶蛋白的络合形态

明胶中总含有几个至几十个ppm的微量Fe,这些微量Fe在照相过程中起着复杂的作用,探求其与明胶结合的形态(价态及络合态),不但对于寻求正确的去离子化的工艺条件,而且对于深入了解明胶中微量金属杂质对于照相性能影响的机理,都具有重要的意义。本文应用穆斯堡尔谱法对浓缩后明胶粉末进行了测试,结果表明:明胶中的Fe离子(Fe~(2+),Fe~(3+))不是以游离状态存在,而是以络合状态存在着。明胶与Fe的络合呈多种状态,既有Fe~(2+),也有Fe~(3+),还有介于二价,三价之间的过渡状态(由共振结构所致),以及其它特种状态存在,络合的微化学环境也有差别。     

Large deformation and ultimate properties of biopolymer gels: 1. Single biopolymer component systems

The large deformation and ultimate properties of gelatin and agarose gels were investigated, in simple tension, as a necessary preliminary to an examination of mixed bipolymer gel systems. The underlying structure of these systems is sufficiently similar in certain respects to that of a ‘rubber-like’ network, to suggest that an analysis along these lines might be fruitful. It is found that under tensile test conditions, the factorization of strain and time dependence appears to be valid over all experimental conditions encountered. Modulus values from the initial slope of stress/strain curves confirm previously derived modulus/concentration relationships. Doubly logarithmic plots of stress at break against strain at break (‘failure envelopes’) provide a means of comparing ultimate properties as a function of polymer concentration. Since both break stress and break strain exhibit strong dependence on strain rate, minimum observed values of these quantities have been chosen to characterize the failure process.     

明胶的电子束辐射杀菌

研究了染菌数为4×10~3-4×10~6个/g的食用明胶用电子束进行辐射杀菌。以3-4kGy的剂量处理后,细菌总数可降低2个数量级,大肠菌群基本杀死。辐照明胶的主要成分基本不变。但是随着剂量的增加,明胶的粘度有所下降,透明度和凝冻浓度变化不大。     

The relative efficiency of cryogens used for plunge-cooling biological specimens

Coolants used for freezing biological specimens were tested for cooling performance in the continuous plunge mode. Results from bare thermocouples showed that ethane cooled faster than propane or a propane: pentane mixture, even when warmed to 25 K above its freezing point. Propane coolants were more efficient than Freon 22 and the slowest cooling occurred in boiling liquid nitrogen. Hydrated gelatin specimens showed similar results with ethane cooling about 33% faster than propane. Epoxy resin specimens cooled faster than hydrated gelatin specimens of similar size. Hydrated and resin specimens cooled over increasing distances as plunge velocity increased. A bare thermocouple, however, cooled over a constant distance when plunged above a critical velocity. This phenomenon may reflect vapour formation and its suppression at high plunge velocities. The rate of cooling in hydrated specimens is shown to have an absolute limit and cannot be modelled by bare thermocouples or resin specimens.     

染色法制作彩色液晶显示滤色器

液晶显示彩色化是液晶显示领域的一项重要研究课题。本文主要论述了染色法制备彩色滤色器的原理、工艺和技术,着重分析了明胶的染色机理。     

Kinetic behaviour of adsorption of gelatin at solid–liquid interface

The kinetics of adsorption of gelatin from its aqueous solution on to silica has been studied at room temperature. The adsorption isotherms were found to be of the Langmuir type. From the adsorption isotherms, the adsorption coefficient, surface coverage and rate constants for adsorption and desorption were evaluated. The rate of adsorption was found to be maximum at the isoelectric point of gelatin and decreased with increase in pH of the adsorption medium. The increased ionic strength of the medium also caused an increase in the rate and amount of adsorption.